Rocky reefs. Estuaries may be important nursery habitat.
Limiting factors
Periodic recruitment dependent on favorable conditions in a highly variable environment. Low productivity. Major concern for vulnerability to potential overfishing based on productivity and susceptibility analysis.
Data gaps
Fishery-independent population monitoring. Population abundance and stock delineation coastwide.
Conservation actions
Protect critical habitat. Manage for sustainable harvest. Gather information to fill data gaps.
