Nearshore Appendices – Oregon Conservation Strategy

Nearshore Appendix A

Technical Supplement: Potential Impacts of Global Climate Change in Oregon’s Nearshore Ocean

Nearshore Appendix B

Fact Sheet: Global Climate Change and Oregon’s Open Water Habitats

Nearshore Appendix C

Fact Sheet: Global Climate Change and Oregon’s Subtidal Habitats

Nearshore Appendix D

Fact Sheet: Global Climate Change and Oregon’s Intertidal Habitats

Nearshore Appendix E

Watch List Species Habitat Associations

Watch List Species	Rocky Shore	Sandy Beach	Rocky Subtidal	Soft Bottom Subtidal	Neritic	Estuarine	Habitat Unknown	Comments
Brandt’s Cormorant Phalacrocorax penicillatus	X		X	X	X	X		Utilizes rocky cliffs and islands for nesting. Forages in nearshore habitats.
Cassin’s Auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus	X			X				Nests in burrows on offshore islands with no mammalian predators.
Common Murre Uria aalge	X		X	X	X	X		Central place forager while nesting in colonies on rocky headlands and offshore islands. Can dive deeply while foraging
Pelagic Cormorant Phalacrocorax pelagicus	X		X		X			Utilizes rocky cliffs and islands for nesting. Forages in nearshore habitats.
Pigeon Guillemot Cepphus columba	X		X	X	X			Nests in burrows or crevices. Forages in nearshore habitats.
Sanderling Calidris alba		X						Forages in intertidal areas during migration.
Rhinocerous Auklet Cerohinca monocerata	X				X			Nests in burrows on offshore islands. Forages in nearshore waters while nesting.
Black-and-yellow rockfish Sebastes chrysomelas	X		X		X			Spawning not known to occur in OR waters. Juveniles not known to occur over soft bottom habitats in OR.
Blue shark Prionace glauca					X			Predominately found offshore.
Bocaccio Sebastes paucispinis			X	X	X	X	X
Brown Irish lord Hemilepidotus spinosus	X		X					Mid to low intertidal.
Brown smoothhound Mustelus henlei				X		X		Found from Coos Bay to Gulf of CA. Schooling fish.
Buffalo sculpin Enophrys bison			X	X				Usually found inshore.
Butter sole Isopsetta isolepis				X
California halibut Paralichthys californicus				X				Usually near structures: rocks, holdfasts, etc.
California skate Raja inornata				X		X
Common thresher Alopias vulpinus					X			Likely to be highly migratory.
Curlfin turbot (sole) Pleuronichthys decurrens				X				Also called Curlfin sole; true turbots native to North Atlantic and Mediterranean.
English sole Parophrys vetulus		X		X		X		Juveniles found predominately nearshore. Adults found predominately offshore.
Flathead sole Hippoglossoides elassodon				X
Giant wrymouth Cryptacanthodes giganteus				X
Gopher rockfish Sebastes carnatus	X		X	X	X			Will inhabit artificial reefs. Pelagic juveniles not known to occur in OR waters. Spawning and larvae not known to occur in OR.
Leopard shark Triakis semifasciata			X	X		X		Schooling fish. Predominately found nearshore.
Monkeyface pricklepack Cebidichthys violaceus	X		X					High, mid, and low intertidal. Tidepools and shallow subtidal. Jetties and breakwaters. Central OR is northern extent of range.
Pacific angel shark Squatina californica			X	X				Uncommon north of CA.
Pacific sanddab Citharichthys sordidus				X		X
Pacific sandfish Trichodon trichodon				X
Pacific sardine Sardinops sagax					X			Schooling fish. Occurs offshore.
Pacific staghorn sculpin Leptocottus armatus		X		X		X		Most common in estuaries. Recently hatched fish often recruit into fresh water for a short time.
Red Irish lord Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus	X		X					Mid to low intertidal. Wharves and pilings.
Rock sole Pleuronectes bilineatus				X				Prefers sandy or gravel bottoms.
Salmon shark Lamna ditropis					X
Sand sole Psettichthys melanostictus				X
Shortfin mako (Bonito) shark Isurus oxyrinchus					X			Predominantly found offshore.
Soupfin shark Galeorhinus galeus				X	X			Schooling fish. Females found shallower than males.
Southern rock sole Lepidopsetta bilineata			X	X		X		Pebble or semi-rocky bottom. Also occurs offshore.
Spotted ratfish Hydrolagus colliei			X	X				Common in shallower waters in northern part of range.
White shark Carcharodon carcharias					X		X
Butter clam Saxidomus gigantea						X
California sea cucumber Parastichopus californicus			X	X				Generally prefers protected areas.
Cockle clam Clinocardium nuttallii						X
Coonstripe (Dock) shrimp Pandalus danae			X	X
Fat gaper clam Tresus capax						X
Flat-tipped piddock Penitella penita	X		X					Mid to low intertidal. Commonly bores into stiff clay, sandstone, shale, and concrete.
Market squid Doryteuthis opalescens				X	X			School and spawn on muddy sand in shallow, protected, inshore areas.
Oregon triton Fusitriton oregonensis			X	X				Occasionally intertidal.
Pacific sand (mole) crab Emerita analoga		X						Mid and low intertidal.
Red rock crab Cancer productus				X		X
Sea otter Enhydra lutris			X		X			Sporadic visitors to Oregon.

Nearshore Appendix F

Other/Commonly Associated Species List

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment.
	Habitat
*Species*	Rocky Shore	Sandy Beach	Rocky Subtidal	Soft Bottom Subtidal	Neritic	Estuarine	Unknown	Comments
Birds
California gull Larus californicus					X	X
Glaucous-winged gull Larus glaucescens	X	X			X	X		Colonial nester.
Pacific loon Gavia pacifica					X	X		Winters near coastal waters.
Red-necked phalarope Phalaropus lobatus					X			Concentrates around oceanic upwellings and edges of kelp beds.
Red throated loon Gavia stellata					X	X		Winters near coastal waters.
Sooty shearwater Puffinus griseus					X			Concentrates around oceanic upwellings and over the continental shelf.
Surf scoter Melanitta perspicillata					X	X
Western gull Larus occidentalis	X	X			X	X		Colonial nester.
Western grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis						X
White-winged scoter Melanitta fusca				X	X	X		Common in shallow water over shellfish beds.
Fishes
Bald sculpin Clinocottus recalvus	X		X					Tidepools. Shallow subtidal. Brookings, OR is northern extent of range
Bat ray Myliobatis californica		X	X	X	X			Low intertidal.
Black prickleback Xiphister atropurpureus	X		X					Under rocks, in gravel areas. Shallow subtidal
Bonehead sculpin Artedius notospilotus	X		X
Calico sculpin Clinocottus embryum	X							Mid to low intertidal.
Calico surfperch Amphistichus koelzi		X		X				Shallow subtidal.
Coralline sculpin Artedius corallinus	X		X					Shallow subtidal.
Crescent gunnel Pholis laeta	X		X					Tidepools.
Decorated warbonnet Chirolophis decoratus			X					Usually among algae.
Fluffy sculpin Oligocottus snyderi	X		X					Tidepools. Shallow subtidal. Often in algae.
Grunt sculpin Rhamphocottus richardsonii	X		X	X				Tidepools.
High cockscomb Anoplarchus purpurescens	X		X					Usually intertidal.
Jacksmelt Atherinopsis californiensis			X		X	X		Yaquina Bay, OR is northern extent of range.
Kelp poacher Agonomalus mozinoi			X					Shallow subtidal.
Kelp surfperch Brachyistius frenatus			X
Longfin gunnel Pholis clemensi			X
Longfin sculpin Jordania zonope	X		X
Lumptail searobin Prionotus stephanophrys				X				Deep subtidal.
Manacled sculpin Synchirus gilli	X		X					Tidepools.
Mosshead sculpin Clinocottus globiceps	X		X					Tidepools. Shallow subtidal.
Mosshead warbonnet Chirolophis nugator			X
Night smelt Spirinchus starksi		X			X			Spawn on beaches.
Northern clingfish Gobiesox maeandricus	X		X					Shallow subtidal.
Pacific electric ray Torpedo californica			X	X
Pacific hooker (Hookhorn) sculpin Artediellus pacificus				X
Padded sculpin Artedius fenestralis	X		X					Shallow subtidal.
Painted greenling Oxylebius pictus	X		X					Shallow subtidal.
Penpoint gunnel Apodichthys flavidus	X							Tidepools and in algae.
Pricklebreast poacher Stellerina xyosterna				X
Puget Sound sculpin Ruscarius meanyi	X		X
Pygmy poacher Odontopyxis trispinosa				X
Red brotula Brosmophycis marginata			X
Red gunnel Pholis schultzi	X		X					Shallow subtidal. Exposed surge areas.
Ribbon prickleback Phytichthys chirus	X		X					Shallow subtidal.
Rock prickleback Xiphister mucosus	X		X					Intertidal, found among algae. Shallow subtidal.
Rockhead Bothragonus swanii	X		X					Shallow subtidal.
Rockweed gunnel Apodichthys fucorum	X		X					Common among algae in tidepools and shallow subtidal.
Rosylip sculpin Ascelichthys rhodorus	X		X					Tidepools.
Roughback sculpin Chitonotus pugetensis		X		X
Saddleback gunnel Pholis ornata				X
Saddleback sculpin Oligocottus rimensis	X		X					Tidepools in low intertidal.
Sailfin sculpin Nautichthys oculofasciatus			X	X				Pilings. Soft bottoms near rubble.
Scalyhead sculpin Artedius harringtoni	X		X					Shallow subtidal. Pilings.
Sharpnose sculpin Clinocottus acuticeps	X		X	X				Shallow subtidal.
Sharpnose surfperch Phanerodon atripes			X
Silver surfperch Hyperprosopon ellipticum			X	X				Surf zone down to deep subtidal.
Silverspotted sculpin Blepsias cirrhosus	X		X					Often among algae.
Slender cockscomb Anoplarchus insignis			X
Smooth alligatorfish Anoplagonus inermis			X
Smoothhead sculpin Artedius lateralis	X		X					Shallow subtidal.
Snake prickleback Lumpenus sagitta					X	X
Speckled sanddab Citharichthys stigmaeus				X
Spotfin surfperch Hyperprosopon anale				X				Surf zone down to deep subtidal.
Sturgeon poacher Podothecus accipenserinus				X				Deep subtidal.
Tidepool sculpin Oligocottus maculosus	X							Tidepools.
Tubenose poacher Pallasina barbata	X		X					Often among algae.
Tubesnout Aulorhynchus flavidus			X	X
Walleye surfperch Hyperprosopon argenteum			X	X	X			Shallow subtidal. Artificial reefs and pilings.
White surfperch Phanerodon furcatus			X	X	X	X		Artificial reefs, pilings, and docks.
Whitebait smelt Allosmerus elongatus					X	X
Y-prickleback Lumpenopsis hypochroma							X
Marine Mammals
California sea lion Zalophus californianus	X	X	X	X	X	X
Invertebrates
Acorn barnacle Sessilia spp.	X							Low intertidal.
Aggregating anemone Anthopleura elegantissima	X					X		Mid intertidal.
Barnacle Chthamalus spp.	X							High and mid intertidal. Common on rocks and pier pilings.
Black katy chiton Katharina tunicata	X							Mid to low intertidal. Areas of strong wave action.
Brown rock crab Cancer antennarius	X		X	X				Low intertidal. Soft bottom; gravel.
Channeled dog winkle (Whelk) Nucella canaliculata	X							Mid intertidal. Common on rocks and in mussel beds.
Cockle clam Clinocardium nuttallii		X		X		X		Low intertidal.
Fingered limpet Lottia digitalis	X							High intertidal.
Giant green anemone Anthopleura xanthogrammica	X		X			X		Low intertidal.
Gooseneck barnacle Pollicipes polymerus	X							Mid intertidal. Sometimes mixed with California mussels (Mytilus californianus)
Gumboot chiton Cryptochiton stelleri	X		X					Low intertidal.
Hermit crabs Pagurus spp.	X		X	X				High and low intertidal. Tidepools. Rock and gravel bottoms subtidally.
Kelp crab Pugettia producta	X		X					Low intertidal of protected outer coast.
Keyhole limpet Diodora aspera	X							Low intertidal.
Newcomb’s littorine snail Littorina subrotunda (Algamorda newcombiana)	X							High intertidal.
Nudibranchs Nudibranchia	X		X					Low intertidal.
Pacific sand dollar Dendraster excentricus				X		X
Pinto (Northern) abalone Haliotis kamtschatkana	X		X					Low intertidal.
Porcelain crab Petrolisthes cinctipes	X							Mid to low intertidal.
Purple shore crab Hemigrapsus nudus	X					X		Mid to low intertidal.
Rock dwelling purple whelk Nucella emarginata	X							High to mid intertidal. Often among mussel beds and barnacles.
Sabellid worm Myxicola infundibulum				X		X
Shield limpet Lottia pelta	X		X					Mid to low intertidal.
Sponges Porifera	X		X
Spot prawn Pandalus platyceros	X		X	X	X			Low intertidal to 487 m. Larvae are planktonic.
Tube worm Neosabellaria cementarium	X		X					Low intertidal.
Turban snails Tegula spp.	X		X					Low intertidal.
Upper intertidal barnacle Balanus glandula	X					X		High to mid intertidal.
Wrinkled amphissa Amphissa columbiana	X		X					Low intertidal.
Wrinkled purple whelk Nucella lamellosa	X							Low intertidal.
Plants and Algae
Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes Gelidium spp.	X		X					Shallow subtidal.
Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes Gracilaria sp.	X		X			X		Low intertidal.
Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes Gracilariopsis sp.	X		X			X		Low intertidal.
Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes Mastocarpus spp.	X							High to mid intertidal.
Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes Mazzaella spp.	X
Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes Pterocladia spp.	X		X					Low intertidal, shallow subtidal.
Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes Sarcodiotheca sp.	X		X					Low intertidal. Subtidal on rocks near sandy habitats.
Coralline red algae Bossiella spp.	X		X					Low intertidal.
Coralline red algae Calliarthron sp.	X		X					Low intertidal.
Coralline red algae Corallina spp.	X		X					Mid to low intertidal.
Coralline red algae Lithothamnium spp.	X							Mid intertidal. Tidepools.
Costaria Costaria sp.	X		X					Low intertidal and shallow subtidal.
Dilsea Dilsea californica	X		X					Low intertidal.
Dwarf rockweed Pelvetiopsis limitata	X							High intertidal.
Endocladia Endocladia muricata	X							High intertidal.
Feather boa kelp Egregia menziesii	X		X					Low intertidal, shallow subtidal.
Filamentous greens Enteromorpha-type	X							High intertidal.
Fucus (Rockweed) Fucus spp.	X							Mid to low intertidal.
Giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera			X
Hedophyllum Hedophyllum sessile	X							Mid to low intertidal.
Kelp Macrocystis integrifolia	X		X					Low intertidal.
Kelp Laminaria bongardiana	X		X
Kelp Laminaria ephemera	X		X
Kelp Laminaria setchellii	X		X
Kelp Laminaria sinclairii	X
Lessoniopsis Lessoniopsis littoralis	X							Low intertidal in areas exposed to high surf action.
Odonthalia Odonthalia spp.	X
Pleurophycus Pleurophycus sp.	X		X					Low intertidal and shallow subtidal.
Porphyra Porphyra spp.	X		X					Intertidal and shallow subtidal.
Prionitis Prionitis spp.	X		X					Intertidal and shallow subtidal.
Sea fern Cystoseira osmundacea	X		X					Low intertidal and shallow subtidal. Tidepools and on rocks.
Southern sea palm Eisenia arborea	X		X					Low intertidal.
Stalked kelp Pterygophora californica			X
Ulvoids Ulva spp.	X		X					Mid to low intertidal and shallow subtidal.
Winged kelp Alaria marginata	X		X					Low intertidal and shallow subtidal.

Nearshore Appendix G

Non-Native and Invasive Species

Non-native and invasive species can alter and degrade habitats, increase threats to native species, and in some cases impact local economies or cause extensive problems for marine coastal systems of Oregon. Non-native species can be transported locally, regionally, or around the world and introduced to Oregon’s nearshore systems by way of several mechanisms such as, hitch-hiking in ballast water or in ocean currents. Once a species has been introduced it can affect food sources, alter habitats, expose native communities to diseases or toxins, or act as parasites of juvenile and adult members of coastal fisheries species. For many introduced species, the severity of the potential ecological threat is not yet known. Many of these species could be deemed invasive in the future, but further efforts to assess impacts are needed. These efforts are a priority for conservation of natural systems because invasions become more complicated to address over time and management measures that respond to the first arriving individuals are most effective.

Efforts have begun to assess available data regarding existing or potential future threats to Oregon’s nearshore and estuarine communities. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s Marine Resources Program reviewed available online data and consulted with experts at Oregon State University, the Environmental Protection Agency Western Ecology Division, United States Geological Survey Western Fisheries Research Center, and Williams College in 2012 and updated this information in 2015. Based on information gleaned from these sources, a list of non-native species known to occur in the nearshore waters of Oregon and neighboring states was developed. For each species, habitat information was collected and species were identified as being primarily associated with nearshore marine and/or estuarine systems.

Non-Native Species	Nearshore^a	Estuarine^b	1: OR Invasive^c	2: OR Non-native^d	3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)^e
Bony Fishes
American shad Alosa sapidissima	X		X
Amur goby Rhinogobius bunneus	X	X		X
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar	X				X
Brown trout Salmo trutta	X				X
Chameleon goby Tridentiger trigonocephalus		X			X
Inland silverside Menidia beryllina		X			X
Rainwater killifish Lucania parva		X		X
Shimofuri goby Tridentiger bifasciatus		X			X
Shokifaze goby Tridentiger barbatus		X			X
Striped bass Morone saxatilis	X		X
Threadfin shad Dorosoma petenense	X			X
Western mosquito fish Gambusia affinis		X		X
Yellowfin goby Acanthogobius flavimanus		X			X
Invertebrates
Acorn barnacle Amphibalanus improvisus	X	X		X
Ambiguous bryozoan Anguinella palmata		X			X
American Atlantic sponge Prosuberites sp.		X			X
Amethyst gem clam Gemma gemma		X			X
Amphipod Ampelisca abdita		X			X
Amphipod Ampithoe lacertosa	X	X		X
Amphipod Ampithoe valida		X		X
Amphipod Chelura terebrans	X				X
Amphipod Corophium alienense		X			X
Amphipod Eobrolgus spinosus		X		X
Amphipod Ericthonius brasiliensis		X		X
Amphipod Gammarus daiberi		X			X
Amphipod Grandidierella japonica	X	X		X
Amphipod Incisocalliope derzhavini	X			X
Amphipod Leucothoe sp.		X			X
Amphipod Melita nitida		X		X
Amphipod Melita sp.		X			X
Amphipod Microdeutopus gryllotalpa		X			X
Amphipod Monocorophium acherusicum	X	X		X
Amphipod Monocorophium insidiosum	X	X			X
Amphipod Monocorophium uenoi		X			X
Amphipod Paradexamine sp.		X			X
Amphipod Parapleustes derzhavini		X		X
Amphipod Ptilohyale littoralis		X		X
Amphipod Sinocorophium heteroceratum					X
Amphipod Stenothoe valida		X			X
Amphipod Transorchestia enigmatica					X
Amur River clam Corbula amurensis					X
Asian calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus inopinus		X		X
Asian calanoid copepod Sinocalanus doerrii		X		X
Asian clam Corbicula fluminea		X	X
Asian copepod Acartiella sinensis		X			X
Asian copepod Limnoithona sinensis		X		X
Asian copepod Tortanus dextrilobatus		X			X
Asian cumacean Nippoleucon hinumensis		X		X
Asian lanternshell Laternula marilina		X			X
Asian sea-squirt Styela clava		X	X
Asian semele Theora lubrica		X			X
Atlantic oyster Crassostrea virginica		X			X
Atlantic oyster drill Urosalpinx cinerea		X			X
Australasian burrowing isopod Sphaeroma quoianum		X	X
Australian spotted jellyfish Phyllorhiza punctata	X				X
Australian tubeworm Ficopomatus enigmaticus		X			X
Baltic clam Macoma petalum		X			X
Bamboo worm Sabaco elongatus		X			X
Black Sea jellyfish Blackfordia virginica		X		X
Black Sea jellyfish Maeotias marginata		X			X
Blacktip shipworm Lyrodus pedicellatus		X			X
Blue mussel Mytilus complex	X				X
Bonnet limpit Sabia conica	X			X
Brackish water snail Assiminea parasitologica		X		X
Brown bryozoan Bugula neritina		X		X
Bryozoan Bugula stolonifera		X			X
Bryozoan Cryptosula pallasiana	X	X		X
Bryozoan Victorella pavida		X			X
Bryozoan Watersipora arcuata		X			X
Bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata		X		X
Bryozoan Zoobotryon verticillatum		X			X
Capitellid worm Capitella telata		X		X
Channeled whelk Busycotypus canaliculatus		X			X
Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis		X			X
Ciliate Mirofolliculina limnoriae		X			X
Colonial tunicate Didemnum vexillum		X	X
Common Atlantic slippersnail Crepidula fornicata		X			X
Common sea grape Molgula manhattensis		X		X
Convex slippersnail Crepidula convexa		X			X
Copepod Amphiascus parvus		X			X
Copepod Corycaeus anglicus		X		X
Copepod Coullana canadensis		X		X
Copepod Limnoithona tetraspina		X		X
Copepod Oithona davisae		X		X
Copepod Oithona similis		X		X
Copepod Pseudodiaptomus forbesi		X			X
Copepod Pseudodiaptomus marinus		X			X
Copepod Pseudomyicola spinosus		X			X
Copepod Stephos pacificus		X			X
Copepod Tortanus sp.		X			X
Creeping bryozoan Bowerbankia “gracilis”	X	X		X
Crumb-of-bread sponge Halichondria bowerbanki	X	X		X
Crustacean Deltamysis holmquistae		X			X
Crustacean Eochelidium sp.		X			X
Crustacean Eusarsiella zostericola		X			X
Crustacean Hyperacanthomysis longirostris		X			X
Crustacean Sinelobus sp.		X		X
Delphaeid planthopper Prokelsia marginata		X			X
Eastern mudsnail Ilyanassa obsoleta		X			X
Eastern white slipper shell Crepidula plana		X			X
European green shore crab Carcinus maenas	X			X
False anglewing Petricolaria pholadiformis		X			X
Flat okenia Okenia plana		X			X
Flatworm Koinostylochus ostreophagus		X			X
Foolish mussel Mytilus (trossulus x galloprovincialis)	X				X
Foram Trochammina hadai		X			X
Freshwater hydroid Cordylophora caspia		X		X
Golden star tunicate Botryllus schlosseri		X		X
Griffen’s isopod Orthione griffenis	X	X	X
Hard shell clam Mercenaria mercenaria		X			X
Harris mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii		X		X
Hydroid Moerisia sp.		X			X
Hydroid Corymorpha sp.		X			X
Isopod Dynoides dentisinus		X			X
Isopod Eurylana arcuata		X			X
Isopod Iais californica		X		X
Isopod Paranthura sp.		X			X
Isopod Pseudosphaeroma sp.		X		X
Isopod Spharoma quoianum		X	X	X
Isopod Synidotea laevidorsalis		X			X
Japanese clam Neotrapezium liratum		X			X
Japanese false cerith Batillaria attramentaria		X			X
Japanese littleneck clam Venerupis philippinarum	X	X		X
Japanese mussel Musculista senhousia		X			X
Japanese nassa Hima fratercula		X			X
Japanese oyster drill Ocinebrellus inornatus		X	X
Japanese skeleton shrimp Caprella mutica		X		X
Lacy crust bryozoan Conopeum tenuissimum		X		X
Lagoon sea slug Tenellia adspersa		X		X
Lake Merritt cuthona Cuthona perca		X			X
Manchurian cecina Cecina manchurica		X			X
Marsh snail Myosotella myosotis		X		X
Mediterranean blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis	X				X
Misaki balloon aeolis Eubranchus misakiensis		X			X
Moon jelly Aurelia sp.	X	X			X
Mysid Orientomysis aspera		X			X
Naval shipworm Teredo navalis		X		X
New Zealand amphipod Paracorophium sp.		X			X
New Zealand mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum		X	X
New Zealand sea slug Philine auriformis	X	X		X
Nodding head Barentsia benedeni		X		X
Orange anemone Diadumene cincta		X			X
Orange-striped green anemone Diadumene lineata		X		X
Oriental shrimp Palaemon macrodactylus		X		X
Oyster redworm Mytilicola orientalis		X		X
Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas		X		X
Pacific transparent sea squirt Ciona savignyi		X		X
Pile worm Neanthes succinea		X		X
Pink mouth hydroid Ectopleura crocea		X		X
Polychaete worm Boccardia claparedei		X		X
Polychaete worm Boccardiella hamata	X			X
Polychaete worm Boccardiella ligerica		X			X
Polychaete worm Dipolydora quadrilobata		X		X
Polychaete worm Eumida sanguinea		X			X
Polychaete worm Eusyllis japonica		X			X
Polychaete worm Heteromastus filiformis	X			X
Polychaete worm Hobsonia florida		X		X
Polychaete worm Manayunkia aestuarina		X		X
Polychaete worm Polydora cornuta		X		X
Polychaete worm Polydora limicola		X		X
Polychaete worm Polydora neocaeca		X		X
Polychaete worm Proceraea okadai		X		X
Polychaete worm Pseudopolydora bassarginensis		X		X
Polychaete worm Pseudopolydora kempi		X		X
Polychaete worm Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata		X		X
Polychaete worm Rhynchospio foliosa		X		X
Polychaete worm Streblospio benedicti		X		X
Polychaete worm Syllis cornuta		X		X
Polyp aeolis Cumanotus sp.		X		X
Purple acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphtrite		X			X
Purple varnish clam Nuttallia obscurata	X	X	X
Red beard sponge Clathria prolifera		X			X
Red-gilled Marphysa Marphysa sanguinea		X			X
Red-gilled mud worm Marenzelleria viridis		X			X
Ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa		X			X
Root-arm medusa Cladonema radiatum		X			X
Rope grass hydroid Garveia franciscana		X		X
Rough periwinkle Littorina saxatilis		X			X
San Francisco anemone Diadumene franciscana		X			X
Sea grape Molgula citrina		X		X
Sea squirt Diplosoma listerianum		X		X
Sessile hydrozoan Gonothyraea loveni		X		X
Single horn bryozoan Schizoporella japonica		X		X
Skeleton shrimp Caprella drepanochir		X		X
Starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis		X		X
Steamer clam Mya arenaria		X		X
Transparent sea squirt Ciona intestinalis		X			X
Tube amphipod Jassa marmorata	X			X
Tubificid worm Limnodriloides monothecus		X			X
Tubificid worm Tubificoides brownae		X		X
Tubificid worm Tubificoides diazi		X		X
Tubificid worm Tubificoides wasselli	X				X
Tunicate Ascidia zara		X			X
Tunicate Botrylloides perspicuum		X			X
Tunicate Botryllus schlosseri		X		X
Tunicate Ciona savignyi	X				X
Tunicate Didemnum vexillum		X	X
Tunicate Diplosoma listerianum	X	X		X
Tunicate Perophora japonica		X			X
Tunicate Styela clava		X		X
Two-groove odostome Odetta bisuturalis		X			X
Violet tunicate Botrylloides violaceus		X		X
White anemone Diadumene leucolena		X		X
White-tentacled japanese aeolis Sakuraeolis enosimensis		X			X
Wood boring gribble Limnoria quadripunctata	X	X			X
Wood boring gribble Limnoria tripunctata	X	X		X
Plants and Algae
American sea rocket Cakile edentula		X		X
Awosa Ulva pertusa		X		X
Brass buttons Cotula coronopifolia		X		X
Caulerpa seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia		X		X
Coast barbgrass Parapholis incurva		X		X
Common cordgrass Spartina anglica		X			X
Dead man’s fingers Codium fragile subsp. fragile		X			X
Dense-flowered cordgrass Spartina densiflora		X		X
English cordgrass Spartina anglica		X		X
Eurasian water-milfoil Myriophyllum spicatum		X		X
European sand spurry Spergularia salina		X		X
European sea rocket Cakile maritime		X		X
Japanese eelgrass Zostera japonica		X	X
Japanese kelp Undaria pinnatifida	X				X
Japanese seaweed Sargassum muticum	X		X
Marsh fleabane Pluchea odorata odorata		X			X
Red algae Caulacanthus ustulatus	X				X
Red algae Ceramium kondoi		X		X
Red algae Lomentaria hakodatensis	X				X
Red algae Polysiphonia brodiei		X		X
Redtop Agrostis stolonifera		X		X
Salt meadow cordgrass Spartina patens		X		X
Saltmarsh rush Juncus gerardi		X		X
Sargassum Sargassum muticum	X				X
Smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora		X		X
Spiny naiad Najas marina		X			X
Surf diatom Attheya armatum	X			X
^a Nearshore = species is primarily associated with the nearshore marine habitat, between the high tide line and the territorial sea boundary.
^b Estuarine = species is primarily associated with estuarine habitat.
^c 1: OR Invasive = non-native species is present in Oregon and is considered invasive for posing a threat to native species.
^d 2: OR Non-native = non-native species is present in Oregon and the threat to native species is unknown
^e 3: WA or CA Invasive = species is present in states adjacent to Oregon and is considered invasive.
Species listed here are associated with nearshore and estuarine west coast habitats, as determined by analysis of data and expert review provided by James T. Carlton, Williams College; John Chapman, Oregon State University; Debbie Reusser, U.S. Geological Survey – Western Fisheries Research Center; Henry Lee, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – Western Ecology Division; and Gayle Hansen, Oregon State University.